{"id":2260,"date":"2025-09-22T08:20:36","date_gmt":"2025-09-22T08:20:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iforbes.cz\/?p=2260"},"modified":"2025-09-22T08:20:36","modified_gmt":"2025-09-22T08:20:36","slug":"odbornici-pri-debate-v-senatu-varovali-pred-dopady-rozvodove-novely","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.iforbes.cz\/index.php\/2025\/09\/22\/odbornici-pri-debate-v-senatu-varovali-pred-dopady-rozvodove-novely\/","title":{"rendered":"Odborn\u00edci p\u0159i debat\u011b v Sen\u00e1tu varovali p\u0159ed dopady rozvodov\u00e9 novely"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>V\u00fdbor pro soci\u00e1ln\u00ed politiku ve spolupr\u00e1ci se St\u00e1lou komis\u00ed pro rozvoj venkova uspo\u0159\u00e1dal v Sen\u00e1tu kulat\u00fd st\u016fl na t\u00e9ma \u201eD\u00edt\u011b v konfliktu. Kritick\u00fd pohled na rozvodovou novelu\u201c. Akce se uskute\u010dnila na z\u00e1klad\u011b p\u0159ipom\u00ednek odborn\u00edk\u016f k rozvodov\u00e9 novele, kter\u00e1 byla ned\u00e1vno schv\u00e1lena v Parlamentu. Novela p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed pozitivn\u00ed zm\u011bny jako je snaha o zrychlen\u00ed opatrovnick\u00fdch \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nebo jasn\u00e9 odm\u00edtnut\u00ed t\u011blesn\u00e9ho trest\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed, z\u00e1rove\u0148 ale podle n\u011bkter\u00fdch psycholog\u016f, advok\u00e1t\u016f nebo neziskov\u00fdch organizac\u00ed obsahuje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed nedostatky, kter\u00e9 mohou m\u00edt velmi negativn\u00ed dopad na ochranu d\u011bt\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Podle \u010dlenky soci\u00e1ln\u00edho v\u00fdboru&nbsp;Hany Kordov\u00e9 Marvanov\u00e9&nbsp;je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm \u00fakolem st\u00e1tu chr\u00e1nit d\u011bti:&nbsp;<em>\u201ePodle upozorn\u011bn\u00ed odborn\u00edk\u016f m\u016f\u017ee situaci d\u011bt\u00ed v&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b konfliktn\u00edho rozchodu rodi\u010d\u016f schv\u00e1len\u00e1 rozvodov\u00e1 novela zhor\u0161it, proto\u017ee neobsahuje dostate\u010dnou ochranu d\u011bt\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad ani v&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b dom\u00e1c\u00edho n\u00e1sil\u00ed v rodin\u011b. Nav\u00edc novela zav\u00e1d\u00ed v Evrop\u011b zcela unik\u00e1tn\u00ed v\u011bc \u2013 byznys s dluhy na v\u00fd\u017eivn\u00e9m. To hroz\u00ed riziky, mimo jin\u00e9 t\u00edm, \u017ee d\u00edt\u011b a samo\u017eivitel dostane jen zlomek dlu\u017en\u00e9ho v\u00fd\u017eivn\u00e9ho a zkomplikuje to vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho v\u00fd\u017eivn\u00e9ho. Novela by proto m\u011bla b\u00fdt znovu v Parlamentu otev\u0159ena a m\u011bla by b\u00fdt v z\u00e1jmu ochrany d\u011bt\u00ed opravena.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u010clenka St\u00e1l\u00e9 komise pro rozvoj venkova&nbsp;Helena Pe\u0161atov\u00e1&nbsp;k&nbsp;tomu uvedla:&nbsp;<em>\u201eOchrana d\u011bt\u00ed mus\u00ed b\u00fdt v\u017edy na prvn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b.&nbsp;Jako sen\u00e1torka i starostka se setk\u00e1v\u00e1m s rodi\u010di, kte\u0159\u00ed upozor\u0148uj\u00ed na p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy nespr\u00e1vn\u00e1 soudn\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed neuchr\u00e1nila jejich d\u011bti p\u0159ed n\u00e1sil\u00edm a manipulac\u00ed. Z p\u0159ipom\u00ednek odborn\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee ani schv\u00e1len\u00e1 novela rozvodov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona n\u011bkter\u00e9 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 probl\u00e9my \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b ne\u0159e\u0161\u00ed. Proto je nezbytn\u00e9 novelu upravit podle odborn\u00fdch doporu\u010den\u00ed, aby byla skute\u010dnou z\u00e1rukou nejlep\u0161\u00edho z\u00e1jmu d\u00edt\u011bte a zaji\u0161\u0165ovala mu pr\u00e1vo na bezpe\u010d\u00ed, ochranu a na d\u016fstojn\u00e9 d\u011btstv\u00ed.&#8220;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u201eSt\u00e1t m\u00e1 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed povinnosti zajistit bezpe\u010dnost ob\u010dan\u016f, vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed i vnit\u0159n\u00ed, a d\u00e1le se mus\u00ed postarat o ty, co u\u017e nem\u016f\u017eou, a o ty nejmen\u0161\u00ed, d\u011bti, kter\u00e9 jsou na\u0161\u00ed budoucnost\u00ed. St\u00e1t mus\u00ed zajistit povinnou ochranu a bezprobl\u00e9movou v\u00fdchovu tak, aby nastupuj\u00edc\u00ed generace mohla p\u0159evz\u00edt po n\u00e1s tento st\u00e1t,\u201c&nbsp;<\/em>doplnil k&nbsp;tomu p\u0159edseda St\u00e1l\u00e9 komise pro rozvoj venkova a m\u00edstop\u0159edseda soci\u00e1ln\u00edho v\u00fdboru&nbsp;Ji\u0159\u00ed Voseck\u00fd. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 pod\u011bkoval odborn\u00edk\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed sen\u00e1tory upozornili na chyby, kter\u00e9 v&nbsp;rozvodov\u00e9 novele jsou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>S t\u00edm souhlasil i poslanec&nbsp;Tom Philipp:&nbsp;<em>\u201eNemohu se sm\u00ed\u0159it s t\u00edm, \u017ee se z d\u00edt\u011bte st\u00e1v\u00e1 rukojm\u00ed konfliktn\u00edho rozvodu, \u017ee je koj\u00edc\u00ed matce na\u0159izov\u00e1na st\u0159\u00eddav\u00e1 p\u00e9\u010de, nebo \u017ee je d\u00edt\u011b sv\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1no rodi\u010di s n\u00e1siln\u00fdmi sklony. St\u00e1t se mus\u00ed za v\u0161ech okolnost\u00ed postavit na stranu d\u00edt\u011bte \u2013 na stranu jeho bezpe\u010d\u00ed, jistoty a zdrav\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kulat\u00fd st\u016fl \u201eD\u00edt\u011b v konfliktu. Kritick\u00fd pohled na rozvodovou novelu\u201c dal prostor odborn\u00edk\u016fm z praxe jasn\u011b pojmenovat rizika novely a upozornit politiky na nutnost \u00faprav.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad zd\u016fraznili, \u017ee jako v\u00fdchoz\u00ed model novela stanovuje tzv. rovnocennou p\u00e9\u010di obou rodi\u010d\u016f. Podle nich v\u0161ak chyb\u00ed jak\u00e1koli z\u00e1konn\u00e1 krit\u00e9ria pro rozd\u011blen\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de rodi\u010d\u016f, a to v\u010detn\u011b jednoho z nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pro ochranu d\u00edt\u011bte, tedy jeho ochrana v&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b dom\u00e1c\u00edho n\u00e1sil\u00ed. Zcela ignoruje v\u011bk, konflikt mezi rodi\u010di \u010di vhodnost prost\u0159ed\u00ed a v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 pot\u0159eby d\u00edt\u011bte. Takto nastaven\u00e1 z\u00e1konn\u00e1 \u00faprava je podle p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fdch odborn\u00edk\u016f na kulat\u00e9m stole v rozporu s \u00damluvou o pr\u00e1vech d\u00edt\u011bte.&nbsp;<em>\u201eRovnocenn\u00e1 p\u00e9\u010de obou rodi\u010d\u016f bez ochrany d\u00edt\u011bte nen\u00ed modern\u00ed rodi\u010dovstv\u00ed. Novela deformuje nejlep\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1jem d\u00edt\u011bte t\u00edm, \u017ee jedno jeho pr\u00e1vo stav\u00ed nad v\u0161echna ostatn\u00ed,\u201c<\/em>&nbsp;varuje advok\u00e1tka&nbsp;Mark\u00e9ta Chud\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Psychologov\u00e9 i terapeuti p\u0159itom zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee stabilita jednoho prost\u0159ed\u00ed je pro mal\u00e9 d\u011bti kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1.&nbsp;<em>\u201eU men\u0161\u00edch d\u011bt\u00ed je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed kontinuita prim\u00e1rn\u00ed vazby a bezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho m\u00edsta. \u010cast\u00e9 st\u0159\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed naru\u0161uje jistotu, p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed somatick\u00e9 obt\u00ed\u017ee a zvy\u0161uje separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkost. St\u0159\u00eddav\u00e1 p\u00e9\u010de obou rodi\u010d\u016f je dobr\u00fd sluha, ale zl\u00fd p\u00e1n a funguje jen tam, kde je stabilita, spolupr\u00e1ce a bezpe\u010d\u00ed,\u201c<\/em>&nbsp;uvedl psycholog a terapeut&nbsp;Martin Galbav\u00fd. Podobn\u011b to vid\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad i psychiatr&nbsp;Ladislav Pol\u00e1k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Velkou pr\u00e1vn\u00ed nejistotu p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed i nov\u00fd institut tzv. prozat\u00edmn\u00edho rozhodnut\u00ed, lh\u016fta pro jeho vyd\u00e1n\u00ed \u010din\u00ed a\u017e 3 m\u011bs\u00edce a proti jeho rozhodnut\u00ed nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 se odvolat, co\u017e je podle vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed soudc\u016f na hran\u011b \u00fastavnosti.&nbsp;<em>\u201eT\u0159i m\u011bs\u00edce jsou v \u017eivot\u011b nezletil\u00e9ho d\u00edt\u011bte velmi dlouh\u00e1 doba a ka\u017ed\u00e9 prozat\u00edmn\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed fakticky vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed nov\u00fd status quo. Proto je nezbytn\u00e9, aby bylo p\u0159ezkoumateln\u00e9 a bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 se proti n\u011bmu br\u00e1nit,\u201c<\/em>&nbsp;zd\u016fraz\u0148uje advok\u00e1tka&nbsp;Michaela Dobrovi\u010dov\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Neziskov\u00e9 organizace zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee pr\u00e1vo d\u00edt\u011bte na bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 d\u011btstv\u00ed mus\u00ed b\u00fdt na prvn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b.&nbsp;<em>\u201eJe na\u0161\u00ed spole\u010denskou a st\u00e1tn\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost\u00ed prosadit jasnou a \u00fa\u010dinnou z\u00e1konnou ochranu,\u201c<\/em>&nbsp;\u0159\u00edk\u00e1&nbsp;Milan Petra&nbsp;ze spolku&nbsp;<em>Maj\u00e1k pro Tebe<\/em>.&nbsp;Daniel H\u016fle, v<em>edouc\u00ed programu Dluhov\u00e9 poradenstv\u00ed<\/em>&nbsp;ve spole\u010dnosti \u010clov\u011bk v&nbsp;t\u00edsni, d\u00e1le upozor\u0148uje, \u017ee usnadn\u011bn\u00ed prodeje pohled\u00e1vky na v\u00fd\u017eivn\u00e9m nepovede k v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vymahatelnosti dosud nevym\u00e1han\u00fdch dluh\u016f, ale ke skupov\u00e1n\u00ed&nbsp;lukrativn\u00edch pohled\u00e1vek \u010dasto na \u00fakor d\u011bt\u00ed:&nbsp;<em>\u201eDlouhodob\u011b nevymahateln\u00e9 pohled\u00e1vky toti\u017e nikdo kupovat nebude. Zm\u011bna pom\u016f\u017ee p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm vymaha\u010d\u016fm dluh\u016f.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Foto: Sen\u00e1t \u010cR<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u00fdbor pro soci\u00e1ln\u00ed politiku ve spolupr\u00e1ci se St\u00e1lou komis\u00ed pro rozvoj venkova uspo\u0159\u00e1dal v Sen\u00e1tu kulat\u00fd st\u016fl na t\u00e9ma \u201eD\u00edt\u011b<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2261,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout"},"categories":[53],"tags":[442,277,203,444,443,441],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iforbes.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2260"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iforbes.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iforbes.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iforbes.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iforbes.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2260"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.iforbes.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2260\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2262,"href":"https:\/\/www.iforbes.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2260\/revisions\/2262"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iforbes.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2261"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iforbes.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2260"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iforbes.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2260"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iforbes.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2260"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}